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Database/DBMS Interview Questions And Answers - Part 2.



6) What Is Parallel & Distributed Database? Differentiate Them.

Answer: A Parallel database is a database that can do multiple tasks in parallel; allowing the database to make use of multiple CPU cores and multiple disks that are standard for modern database servers. However, all CPU cores can directly address all disks in a parallel database.

A Distributed database is a database where data is distributed across multiple hosts. However, the CPUs of a given host can only directly address a subset of the disks, namely only those disks that are on that host.


DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE TWO ARE:
  • In case of Parallel Database, Machines are close to each other (For Example Same Server Room Or Floor) where as in case of Distributed database, Machines are far from each other (For example In Different Countries or Continents)
  • For parallel database, Machines are usually connected with dedicated high speed LAN's and switches, where as in case of Distributed database, Machines are connected using Public Purpose network, say Internet.
  • In case of Parallel database, Communication Cost is assumed to be small, whereas Communication Cost & Problems cannot be ignored for Distributed Database.

EXAMPLE:

Parallel Database: Say executing a project by a single person takes 10 days’ time (Sequential Processing of a Large Task) but if the same project is distributed to 10 individual in the project it might get completed in 2-3 days (parallel processing).

Distributed Database: Such database make sense where data is too large. Say Bank with many branches, Chain of retail stores with many locations and Library with many branches.


7) Differentiate Between File-Oriented System & Database System?

Answer: Differences between file oriented system and database systems are:
  • File system is a collection of data. Any management with the file system, user has to write the procedures whereas DBMS is a collection of data and user is not required to write the procedures for managing the database.
  • File system gives the details of the data representation and Storage of data whereas DBMS provides an abstract view of data that hides the details.
  • In File system storing and retrieving of data cannot be done efficiently whereas DBMS is efficient to use since there are wide varieties of sophisticated techniques to store and retrieve the data.
  • Concurrent access to the data in the file system has many problems like Reading the file while other deleting some information, updating some information whereas DBMS takes care of Concurrent access using some form of locking.
  • File system doesn’t provide crash recovery mechanism e.g. While we are entering some data into the file if System crashes then content of the file is lost whereas DBMS has crash recovery mechanism, DBMS protects user from the effects of system failures.
  • Protecting a file under file system is very difficult whereas DBMS has a good protection mechanism.


8) What Are The Applications Of Databases?

Answer:
  • Banking Systems that keep information about customers and their account (large databases, real time response to some queries, peak periods for transactions).
  • Point of sales systems in shops that process purchase of goods.
  • Reservation systems for booking railway ticket, airline flights and other travel, seats at the theatre or cinema, etc.
  • Inventory systems ranging from books in a library to the stock in a furniture shop or car showroom.
  • Accounting systems that produce bills, statements, orders, invoices, etc.
  • Payroll systems that process salaries and benefits.


9) What Is The Importance Of Databases?

Answer:
  • It helps make data management more efficient and effective.
  • It's query language allows quick answers to ad hoc queries.
  • It provides end users better access to more and better managed data.
  • It promotes an integrated view of organization's operations -- "Big Picture".
  • It reduces the probability of inconsistent data.


10) What Is DBMS & RDBMS?

Answer:  A database management system (DBMS) is, well, a system used to manage databases. A relational database management system (RDBMS) is a database management system used to manage relational databases. A relational database is one where tables of data can have relationships based on primary and foreign keys.


ALSO CHECK THE BELOW FAQ's:

11) What Are The Three Types Of Users In DBMS?
12) What Are The Disadvantages Of Database System?
13) Describe The Three Levels Of Data Abstraction?
14) Discuss About External/ View/Individual Level Of The Architecture?
15) Discuss About Logical/ Conceptual Level Of The Architecture?


16) Discuss About Internal/Physical/Storage Level Of The Architecture?
17) What Is Data Independence?
18) What Is Physical Data Independence?
19) What Is Logical Data Independence?
20) What Is A Data Model? What Are The Types Of Data Model?

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